Improvement in kerosene-burners



S. R. WILMOT.

Kerosene Burner.

N. PEYEIB. Pima-minimun walhnilon, D. c.

rial.

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAML. BMWILMOT, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEM'ENT IN KEROSENE-BURNERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Pate-nt N0. 48,860, dated July 18,1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL R. WILMOT, of Brooklyn, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Manufacture of Kerosene-Burners for Lamps andLanternsto be used without Chimneys and Ido herebyde claro that thefollowing is a full and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the' accompanying drawings, forming part ot' this specification, inwhich- Figurelis a side elevation; Fig. 2, an edge elevation Fig. 3, atop view 5 Fig. 4, a bottom view; Fig. 5, a section on the line S S inFigi. l; Fig. 6, a section on the line TT in the same p figure, and Fig.'a' a section on the line U U in the same ligure. Fig. 8 represents theform of the dome D as itis cutV out by suitable dies from a sheet ofthin metal. Fig; 9 is a perspective view of the same after it has beenstruck nearly into its complete shape by successive operations of thepress, and the flamehole has been properly formed by cutting the metaland leaving portions attached, ready to be bent outward at theends ofthehole. Fig. 10 represents the form of the tube-piece as it is cut outby suitable dies from a sheet of metal. Fig. 11 is aperspective view ofthe same after it has been bent or folded around so as to approximatethe fiat tubular condition required. Fig. 12 is an end view of the sameafter the edges have been soldered together. Fig. 13 represents the formof the cap as it is cut out by suitable dies from a sheet of metal. Fig.14 is a perspective view of the same after it has been pressed intoshape. Fig. 15 represents the form ot' the body or bottom piece as it iscut out by suitable dies from a sheet of metal. Fig. 1G is a perspectiveview of the same after it has been pressed into shape and punched.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the 1i gures.

Tints are employed to aid in distinguishing parts, and do not imply adifference of mate- 1 prefer to make the main parts from rolledsheet-brass or spinning brass or common yellow brass.

My invention economizes material and-labor, and enables, me to produce aburner at a low price which is equal in beauty and usefulness to any inthe market. The parts o f my burner are of such. form that the blanksusefully consume nearly all the stock and are pressed into shape orformed with a much smaller number of operations than are usuallyrequired, and all are completed without annealing and without trimming.

The successive heating of the metal to soften it, known as annealingfis-necessary when the metal is required to be very greatly distorted.The cutting off of the irregular edges, known as trimming, is necessaryto the perfection of the work when edges are to be very accuratelyapplied together, and is also necessary to the beautyof the appearancewhen strictly symmetrical or regular figuressuch as straight or circulared ges-are to be presented. My invention entirely avoids thesenecessities.

In burners as ordinarily constructed the dome is with much laborelongated downward and the bottom elongated upward, so as to formcomplete tight cups to be joined at their edges. rlhey are afterwardperforated with much labor to admit the air.' Modern practice favors thcemployment of very extensive openings between the top of the dome andthebottom. The cutting away, in short, removes a great proportion of themetal which has been so laboriously distorted by the working up.

The necessity for a perfect line of junction completely around betweenthe dome and the bottom is all imaginary, and by dispensing with it andintroducing the several other modiviications involved in my invention Iam able,

by joining the two parts at only a small portion of their respectivecircumferences and giving an irregular and fanciful form to the edgeswhere metal is omitted, to avoid not onlymost of the labor of working upand afterward cut ting away, but also the necessity for trimming. Myblanks are of such shape that they match into each otherfin the sheetsof metal, and involve but little wastage or scrap in the cut ting out,and require no punching or other cutting away of any of the metal inorder to admit air properly into the dome after the parts are shaped.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to de; scribe it by the aid of the drawings and of the lettersof reference marked thereon.

A is the body or bottom; B, the wick-tube; C, the cap, and D the dome.-

The thumb'- wlieel E, ratchetwire e, and ratchets e are of the ordinarycharacter.

The drawings and the brief description'thereof given at the commencementwill render clear the several stages or conditions through which theseveral parts, A, B, C, and D,pass in the process of manufacture, theoperation ot forming being effected by pressure, as usual, except that asmaller number of successive steps are required with each. The part A isformed at a single blow, B with two blows, C with one blow, and D withtwo blows.

Certain portions of the several parts are denoted by additional letters,as follows: The body A is cut in the form of a screw at the part Al inthe ordinary manner. It is turned up along a large portion of its edgein narrow ornamental spurs or leaves, (denoted A2,) and it is prolongedupward at two points opposite to each other and opposite to the edges ofthe wicktube,as denoted byA3. These latter projections are important informing the connec-A tion to the dome. The tube B is joined along itsabutted edge by solder B. The cap O is' notched at the point G to allowthe passage of the ratchet-wire. The dome D is scalloped around aportion ot' its edge, asin dicated by D.

A portion of the metal removed in forming the ordinary hole for'theiiame is allowed to remain fast tothe dome at each end of the hole andturned outward, as indicated by D2, and a portion of the metal isextended downward at the two points opposite each other and opposite theedges of the wick-tube in long arms, as indicated by D3. These latterarms are important in forming the connection with the bottom A, throughthe medium of the arms A3, before described. A portion otl each arm,nearits lower end, is bent outward, as indicated by D, and after this parthas bren properly applied to the corresponding arms, A3, of the bottom Aa further extension ot' the metal (indicated by D-" is folded under by asuitable press, and thus made to embrace and confine the arm A3..lhejunction thus made between the dome D and the body A, through themedium of the arms A3 and D3, is completed and triade firm by theaddition of a little soft solder, A4, applied in the obvious manner.

rIhe abutting-ed ges of the metal of the tube Y B are soldered along theline B by holding the edges firmly in contact, each with the other, in asuitable clamp, after the metal has been y touched with acid, andsubjecting it to heat ina horizontal position, with its edge down ward,and a thin slip ot soft solder laid along the inside. As soouas the-softsolder is melted it tlows into and fills the narrow crack B', and oncooling the union is found complete. I have demonstrated byexperimentthat it will endure the severest action, whether mechanical or Y`chemical, to which such tubes are subjected.

I employ in practice a clamp which contines and thus treats a greatnumber at once.

The tube B is slightly nicked and forced through the cap B and thebottom A, with suitable vent-holes or leaks at the line of junction, andis retained by the projections above and the spreading of the metalbelow, all in the ordinary manner. The same instruments and processesare employed in putting together these parts and in properly securingthe ratchets c on the wire e as are commonly employed in this branch ofmanufacture.

The ears D2, by being formed in the manner before intimated, costlittle, either for material lor labor, and being bent outward at theangle represented, which is done by suitable dies in a press, like theother formingoperations, serve to check the upward current of air alongthe exterior of the dome and to form an eddy or partial Vacuum aboveeach ear. This partial vacuum is filled by dame from theinterior of thedome. The result is a widening ofthe ame gud increase in the eficiencyot' the illuminating power and a diminisbingof the inclination to smoke.

I form the entire dome D with corrugations or waves extending up anddown the dome, as indicated in the figures, These are made withoutexpense by simply producing similar corrugations in the dies whichcomplete the forming operation, and are useful by adding to thestiffness and also, it is thought, to the ornamental appearance of thearticle, and to the distribution of light reflected therefrom.

My wick-tube B is made in the manner represented much more cheaply thanby the ordinary mode, and the soldered joint B,-being located exactly onone edge ofthe dat tube, is sufficiently strong. Vhen a soldered jointin such tube is made on the iat side every force applied to the tubetends seriously to vwrench and strain the joint. Heat applied to meltthe solder is liable to disturb the position of the edges, except whenthe joint is on the edge as I have arranged it. a

I can make my joint either by butting or lapping the edges. In eithercase it is strong and enduring. s

I propose in some instances to join the parts A and D by soldering alongthe short lines of junction represented, without first locking the partstogether, and in others to conne the parts along the same lines bylocking alone, without soldering, it' desired.v I can make the lock veryeffective by impressing points so as to produce indentations in the onepart and corresponding spurs or projections in the other part fittedtightly together. f n

I have found that both soldering and locking, as I have described, maybe ett'ected very cheaply.

I can, if desired, join the parts A and D by more than two of the armsA3 and D3. Thus three or any other number of arms greater than two maybe employed, and in such ease the arms may be narrow and the lines ofjunction still shorter, if desired. Only the same number of blows willin such case be required to form the parts; but such forms of the blanksinterfere somewhat with the close iitting'to gether of the same incutting them from the sheets, and are thus prejudicial to the econ-` omyof stock.V

I attach much importance to the fact that my dome is seamless or withoutjoint, because seams or joints not only involve labor, but almostinevitably induce irregularity in the form of the flame-hole.

It is obvious that the skeleton form of the parts A and D may be variedby prolonging the arms A3 and shortening the arms D3, or the reverse, toany extent desired.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new in themanufacture of kerosene-burners, and desire to secure by these LettersPatent, (marked B,) is as follows:

l. The arms D3, or their equivalents, on the seamless dome D, made fromthe same piece of metal and serving` to unite itwith the bottom A alongshort lines A4, substantially in the manner and with the advantagesherein set forth.

2. Bendin goutward the ears D3, formed from the metal cnt ont of thedome itself, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The wick-tube B B', soldered along the edge, substantially as and forthe purposes herein specied. n

4. The seamless and legged dome D D3, as a new article of manufacture,adapted to be cheaply made by the means set forth and to be afterwardconnected to the parts A B, substantially as and so as to allow of theeconomy of material and labor herein set forth.

5. The method herein described of manufacturing the seamlessskeleton-dome D by forming the same from a blank cut in shape beforeforming and afterward striking or swaging in dies, so as to produce thelegs D3, having between them the openings requiredfor'th'e admission ofthe air without further cutting, all substantially in the manner andwith the economy of material and of labor vherein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand inthe presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

S. I R. WILMOI.

Witnesses:

THOMAS D. STETsoN, D. W. StrnTsoN.

